Xposed 安全与逆向分析：深入理解 Android 安全机制与防护技术

Xposed 框架在安全研究和逆向分析领域具有重要价值，同时也带来了安全挑战。本文将深入分析 Xposed 的安全应用、检测技术和防护机制。

Xposed 在安全研究中的应用

应用安全分析

// SecurityAnalysisHooks.java - 安全分析 Hook
package com.example.security.analysis;

import android.util.Log;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;

import de.robv.android.xposed.XC_MethodHook;
import de.robv.android.xposed.XposedBridge;
import de.robv.android.xposed.XposedHelpers;
import de.robv.android.xposed.callbacks.XC_LoadPackage.LoadPackageParam;

public class SecurityAnalysisHooks {
    
    private static final String TAG = "SecurityAnalysis";
    
    // 分析加密算法使用
    public static void analyzeCryptographicOperations(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        // Hook 加密操作
        hookCipherOperations(lpparam);
        
        // Hook 哈希计算
        hookHashOperations(lpparam);
        
        // Hook 密钥生成
        hookKeyGeneration(lpparam);
        
        // Hook SSL/TLS 操作
        hookSSLOperations(lpparam);
    }
    
    private static void hookCipherOperations(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook Cipher.init 方法
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                Cipher.class,
                "init",
                int.class,
                java.security.Key.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        Cipher cipher = (Cipher) param.thisObject;
                        int opmode = (Integer) param.args[0];
                        java.security.Key key = (java.security.Key) param.args[1];
                        
                        String operation = opmode == Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE ? "ENCRYPT" : "DECRYPT";
                        String algorithm = cipher.getAlgorithm();
                        String keyAlgorithm = key.getAlgorithm();
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: Cipher操作 - %s, 算法: %s, 密钥算法: %s, 包名: %s",
                            TAG, operation, algorithm, keyAlgorithm, lpparam.packageName
                        ));
                        
                        // 记录密钥信息（注意：生产环境中不应记录敏感信息）
                        if (key.getEncoded() != null) {
                            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                                "%s: 密钥长度: %d bits",
                                TAG, key.getEncoded().length * 8
                            ));
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook Cipher.doFinal 方法
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                Cipher.class,
                "doFinal",
                byte[].class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        byte[] input = (byte[]) param.args[0];
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: Cipher.doFinal - 输入数据长度: %d bytes",
                            TAG, input != null ? input.length : 0
                        ));
                    }
                    
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        byte[] result = (byte[]) param.getResult();
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: Cipher.doFinal - 输出数据长度: %d bytes",
                            TAG, result != null ? result.length : 0
                        ));
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            XposedBridge.log(TAG + ": Hook Cipher 操作失败 - " + t.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    private static void hookHashOperations(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook MessageDigest.digest 方法
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                MessageDigest.class,
                "digest",
                byte[].class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        MessageDigest md = (MessageDigest) param.thisObject;
                        byte[] input = (byte[]) param.args[0];
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: 哈希计算 - 算法: %s, 输入长度: %d bytes, 包名: %s",
                            TAG, md.getAlgorithm(), 
                            input != null ? input.length : 0, 
                            lpparam.packageName
                        ));
                    }
                    
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        byte[] hash = (byte[]) param.getResult();
                        
                        if (hash != null) {
                            StringBuilder hexString = new StringBuilder();
                            for (byte b : hash) {
                                hexString.append(String.format("%02x", b));
                            }
                            
                            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                                "%s: 哈希结果: %s",
                                TAG, hexString.toString()
                            ));
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            XposedBridge.log(TAG + ": Hook 哈希操作失败 - " + t.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    private static void hookKeyGeneration(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook KeyGenerator.generateKey
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "javax.crypto.KeyGenerator",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "generateKey",
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        javax.crypto.KeyGenerator keyGen = (javax.crypto.KeyGenerator) param.thisObject;
                        javax.crypto.SecretKey key = (javax.crypto.SecretKey) param.getResult();
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: 密钥生成 - 算法: %s, 包名: %s",
                            TAG, key.getAlgorithm(), lpparam.packageName
                        ));
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook KeyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "java.security.KeyPairGenerator",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "generateKeyPair",
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        java.security.KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = (java.security.KeyPairGenerator) param.thisObject;
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: 密钥对生成 - 算法: %s, 包名: %s",
                            TAG, keyPairGen.getAlgorithm(), lpparam.packageName
                        ));
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            XposedBridge.log(TAG + ": Hook 密钥生成失败 - " + t.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    private static void hookSSLOperations(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook SSLContext.init
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "javax.net.ssl.SSLContext",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "init",
                javax.net.ssl.KeyManager[].class,
                javax.net.ssl.TrustManager[].class,
                java.security.SecureRandom.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        javax.net.ssl.SSLContext sslContext = (javax.net.ssl.SSLContext) param.thisObject;
                        javax.net.ssl.TrustManager[] trustManagers = (javax.net.ssl.TrustManager[]) param.args[1];
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: SSL上下文初始化 - 协议: %s, TrustManager数量: %d, 包名: %s",
                            TAG, sslContext.getProtocol(),
                            trustManagers != null ? trustManagers.length : 0,
                            lpparam.packageName
                        ));
                        
                        // 检查是否使用自定义 TrustManager
                        if (trustManagers != null) {
                            for (javax.net.ssl.TrustManager tm : trustManagers) {
                                XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                                    "%s: TrustManager类型: %s",
                                    TAG, tm.getClass().getName()
                                ));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            XposedBridge.log(TAG + ": Hook SSL 操作失败 - " + t.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

网络通信分析

// NetworkAnalysisHooks.java - 网络通信分析
package com.example.security.network;

import java.net.URL;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import de.robv.android.xposed.XC_MethodHook;
import de.robv.android.xposed.XposedBridge;
import de.robv.android.xposed.XposedHelpers;
import de.robv.android.xposed.callbacks.XC_LoadPackage.LoadPackageParam;

public class NetworkAnalysisHooks {
    
    private static final String TAG = "NetworkAnalysis";
    
    public static void analyzeNetworkCommunication(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        // 分析 HTTP 请求
        analyzeHttpRequests(lpparam);
        
        // 分析 Socket 连接
        analyzeSocketConnections(lpparam);
        
        // 分析 WebView 请求
        analyzeWebViewRequests(lpparam);
    }
    
    private static void analyzeHttpRequests(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook URL.openConnection
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                URL.class,
                "openConnection",
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        URL url = (URL) param.thisObject;
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: HTTP连接 - URL: %s, 协议: %s, 主机: %s, 端口: %d, 包名: %s",
                            TAG, url.toString(), url.getProtocol(), 
                            url.getHost(), url.getPort(), lpparam.packageName
                        ));
                        
                        // 检查是否为 HTTPS
                        if (!"https".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
                            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                                "%s: 警告 - 使用非安全协议: %s",
                                TAG, url.getProtocol()
                            ));
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook HttpURLConnection 方法
            hookHttpURLConnection(lpparam);
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            XposedBridge.log(TAG + ": Hook HTTP 请求失败 - " + t.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    private static void hookHttpURLConnection(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook setRequestMethod
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "java.net.HttpURLConnection",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "setRequestMethod",
                String.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String method = (String) param.args[0];
                        java.net.HttpURLConnection conn = (java.net.HttpURLConnection) param.thisObject;
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: HTTP方法 - %s, URL: %s",
                            TAG, method, conn.getURL().toString()
                        ));
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook setRequestProperty
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "java.net.URLConnection",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "setRequestProperty",
                String.class,
                String.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String key = (String) param.args[0];
                        String value = (String) param.args[1];
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: HTTP头 - %s: %s",
                            TAG, key, value
                        ));
                        
                        // 检查敏感头信息
                        if ("Authorization".equalsIgnoreCase(key) || 
                            "Cookie".equalsIgnoreCase(key) ||
                            "X-API-Key".equalsIgnoreCase(key)) {
                            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                                "%s: 敏感头信息 - %s: [已隐藏]",
                                TAG, key
                            ));
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook getInputStream (响应读取)
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "java.net.URLConnection",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "getInputStream",
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        java.net.URLConnection conn = (java.net.URLConnection) param.thisObject;
                        InputStream inputStream = (InputStream) param.getResult();
                        
                        if (inputStream != null) {
                            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                                "%s: 读取响应 - URL: %s",
                                TAG, conn.getURL().toString()
                            ));
                            
                            // 包装 InputStream 以监控数据读取
                            param.setResult(new MonitoredInputStream(inputStream, conn.getURL().toString()));
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            XposedBridge.log(TAG + ": Hook HttpURLConnection 失败 - " + t.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    private static void analyzeSocketConnections(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook Socket 构造函数
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookConstructor(
                "java.net.Socket",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                String.class,
                int.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String host = (String) param.args[0];
                        int port = (Integer) param.args[1];
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: Socket连接 - 主机: %s, 端口: %d, 包名: %s",
                            TAG, host, port, lpparam.packageName
                        ));
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook Socket.getOutputStream
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "java.net.Socket",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "getOutputStream",
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        java.net.Socket socket = (java.net.Socket) param.thisObject;
                        OutputStream outputStream = (OutputStream) param.getResult();
                        
                        if (outputStream != null) {
                            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                                "%s: Socket输出流 - %s:%d",
                                TAG, socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress(), socket.getPort()
                            ));
                            
                            // 包装 OutputStream 以监控数据发送
                            param.setResult(new MonitoredOutputStream(outputStream, 
                                socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress() + ":" + socket.getPort()));
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            XposedBridge.log(TAG + ": Hook Socket 连接失败 - " + t.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    private static void analyzeWebViewRequests(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook WebView.loadUrl
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "android.webkit.WebView",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "loadUrl",
                String.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String url = (String) param.args[0];
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: WebView加载 - URL: %s, 包名: %s",
                            TAG, url, lpparam.packageName
                        ));
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook WebViewClient.shouldOverrideUrlLoading
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "android.webkit.WebViewClient",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "shouldOverrideUrlLoading",
                android.webkit.WebView.class,
                String.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String url = (String) param.args[1];
                        
                        XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                            "%s: WebView URL拦截 - URL: %s",
                            TAG, url
                        ));
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            XposedBridge.log(TAG + ": Hook WebView 请求失败 - " + t.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    // 监控 InputStream
    private static class MonitoredInputStream extends InputStream {
        private InputStream originalStream;
        private String source;
        private int totalBytesRead = 0;
        
        public MonitoredInputStream(InputStream original, String source) {
            this.originalStream = original;
            this.source = source;
        }
        
        @Override
        public int read() throws java.io.IOException {
            int data = originalStream.read();
            if (data != -1) {
                totalBytesRead++;
            }
            return data;
        }
        
        @Override
        public int read(byte[] buffer) throws java.io.IOException {
            int bytesRead = originalStream.read(buffer);
            if (bytesRead > 0) {
                totalBytesRead += bytesRead;
                XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                    "%s: 数据读取 - 来源: %s, 本次: %d bytes, 总计: %d bytes",
                    TAG, source, bytesRead, totalBytesRead
                ));
            }
            return bytesRead;
        }
        
        @Override
        public void close() throws java.io.IOException {
            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                "%s: 连接关闭 - 来源: %s, 总读取: %d bytes",
                TAG, source, totalBytesRead
            ));
            originalStream.close();
        }
    }
    
    // 监控 OutputStream
    private static class MonitoredOutputStream extends OutputStream {
        private OutputStream originalStream;
        private String destination;
        private int totalBytesWritten = 0;
        
        public MonitoredOutputStream(OutputStream original, String destination) {
            this.originalStream = original;
            this.destination = destination;
        }
        
        @Override
        public void write(int data) throws java.io.IOException {
            originalStream.write(data);
            totalBytesWritten++;
        }
        
        @Override
        public void write(byte[] buffer) throws java.io.IOException {
            originalStream.write(buffer);
            totalBytesWritten += buffer.length;
            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                "%s: 数据发送 - 目标: %s, 本次: %d bytes, 总计: %d bytes",
                TAG, destination, buffer.length, totalBytesWritten
            ));
        }
        
        @Override
        public void close() throws java.io.IOException {
            XposedBridge.log(String.format(
                "%s: 连接关闭 - 目标: %s, 总发送: %d bytes",
                TAG, destination, totalBytesWritten
            ));
            originalStream.close();
        }
    }
}

Xposed 检测技术

框架检测方法

// XposedDetection.java - Xposed 检测
package com.example.security.detection;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class XposedDetection {
    
    // 检测方法1：检查 Xposed 相关文件
    public static boolean detectXposedFiles() {
        String[] xposedFiles = {
            "/system/framework/XposedBridge.jar",
            "/system/bin/app_process32_xposed",
            "/system/bin/app_process64_xposed",
            "/system/xposed.prop",
            "/data/data/de.robv.android.xposed.installer/",
            "/data/data/org.meowcat.edxposed.manager/",
            "/data/data/top.canyie.dreamland.manager/"
        };
        
        for (String path : xposedFiles) {
            if (new File(path).exists()) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 检测方法2：检查 Xposed 相关应用
    public static boolean detectXposedApps(Context context) {
        String[] xposedPackages = {
            "de.robv.android.xposed.installer",
            "org.meowcat.edxposed.manager",
            "top.canyie.dreamland.manager",
            "com.solohsu.android.edxp.manager"
        };
        
        PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
        
        for (String packageName : xposedPackages) {
            try {
                ApplicationInfo appInfo = pm.getApplicationInfo(packageName, 0);
                if (appInfo != null) {
                    return true;
                }
            } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
                // 包不存在，继续检查下一个
            }
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 检测方法3：检查堆栈跟踪
    public static boolean detectXposedStack() {
        try {
            throw new Exception("Stack trace check");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = e.getStackTrace();
            
            for (StackTraceElement element : stackTrace) {
                String className = element.getClassName();
                if (className.contains("de.robv.android.xposed") ||
                    className.contains("EdXposed") ||
                    className.contains("LSPosed")) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 检测方法4：检查类加载器
    public static boolean detectXposedClassLoader() {
        try {
            ClassLoader classLoader = XposedDetection.class.getClassLoader();
            
            // 检查类加载器类型
            String classLoaderName = classLoader.getClass().getName();
            if (classLoaderName.contains("XposedBridge")) {
                return true;
            }
            
            // 尝试加载 Xposed 类
            try {
                Class.forName("de.robv.android.xposed.XposedBridge");
                return true;
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                // Xposed 类不存在
            }
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 检测过程中出现异常
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 检测方法5：检查方法 Hook 状态
    public static boolean detectMethodHook() {
        try {
            // 创建一个测试方法
            Method testMethod = XposedDetection.class.getDeclaredMethod("testMethod");
            
            // 检查方法是否被 Hook
            // 这里可以通过检查方法的字节码或其他特征来判断
            
            // 简单的检测方式：调用方法并检查行为
            String result = testMethod.invoke(null).toString();
            
            // 如果返回值不是预期的，可能被 Hook 了
            if (!"expected_result".equals(result)) {
                return true;
            }
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 检测过程中出现异常
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 测试方法
    private static String testMethod() {
        return "expected_result";
    }
    
    // 检测方法6：检查系统属性
    public static boolean detectXposedProperties() {
        try {
            // 检查系统属性
            String[] properties = {
                "ro.xposed.version",
                "ro.edxp.version",
                "ro.lsposed.version"
            };
            
            for (String prop : properties) {
                String value = System.getProperty(prop);
                if (value != null && !value.isEmpty()) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            
            // 使用反射检查 SystemProperties
            Class<?> systemProperties = Class.forName("android.os.SystemProperties");
            Method get = systemProperties.getMethod("get", String.class);
            
            for (String prop : properties) {
                String value = (String) get.invoke(null, prop);
                if (value != null && !value.isEmpty()) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 检测过程中出现异常
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 综合检测方法
    public static boolean isXposedPresent(Context context) {
        return detectXposedFiles() ||
               detectXposedApps(context) ||
               detectXposedStack() ||
               detectXposedClassLoader() ||
               detectMethodHook() ||
               detectXposedProperties();
    }
    
    // 高级检测：检查内存中的 Xposed 痕迹
    public static boolean detectXposedMemory() {
        try {
            // 检查 /proc/self/maps 文件
            java.io.BufferedReader reader = new java.io.BufferedReader(
                new java.io.FileReader("/proc/self/maps")
            );
            
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                if (line.contains("XposedBridge") ||
                    line.contains("libxposed") ||
                    line.contains("libart-xposed")) {
                    reader.close();
                    return true;
                }
            }
            
            reader.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 读取失败
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 动态检测：运行时行为分析
    public static boolean detectRuntimeBehavior() {
        try {
            // 检查方法执行时间异常
            long startTime = System.nanoTime();
            
            // 执行一个简单操作
            String test = "test";
            test.hashCode();
            
            long endTime = System.nanoTime();
            long duration = endTime - startTime;
            
            // 如果执行时间异常长，可能被 Hook 了
            if (duration > 1000000) { // 1ms
                return true;
            }
            
            // 检查异常的方法调用
            try {
                // 调用一个不存在的方法，正常情况下应该抛出异常
                Method nonExistentMethod = String.class.getMethod("nonExistentMethod");
                // 如果没有抛出异常，可能被 Hook 了
                return true;
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                // 正常情况
            }
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 检测过程中出现异常
        }
        
        return false;
    }
}

反检测技术

// AntiDetection.java - 反检测技术
package com.example.security.antidetection;

import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import de.robv.android.xposed.XC_MethodHook;
import de.robv.android.xposed.XC_MethodReplacement;
import de.robv.android.xposed.XposedHelpers;
import de.robv.android.xposed.callbacks.XC_LoadPackage.LoadPackageParam;

public class AntiDetection {
    
    // 隐藏 Xposed 文件存在
    public static void hideXposedFiles(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook File.exists() 方法
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                File.class,
                "exists",
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        File file = (File) param.thisObject;
                        String path = file.getAbsolutePath();
                        
                        // 隐藏 Xposed 相关文件
                        if (isXposedRelatedPath(path)) {
                            param.setResult(false);
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook File.listFiles() 方法
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                File.class,
                "listFiles",
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        File[] files = (File[]) param.getResult();
                        
                        if (files != null) {
                            java.util.List<File> filteredFiles = new java.util.ArrayList<>();
                            
                            for (File file : files) {
                                if (!isXposedRelatedPath(file.getAbsolutePath())) {
                                    filteredFiles.add(file);
                                }
                            }
                            
                            param.setResult(filteredFiles.toArray(new File[0]));
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // Hook 失败
        }
    }
    
    // 隐藏 Xposed 应用
    public static void hideXposedApps(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook PackageManager.getApplicationInfo
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "android.app.ApplicationPackageManager",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "getApplicationInfo",
                String.class,
                int.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String packageName = (String) param.args[0];
                        
                        if (isXposedRelatedPackage(packageName)) {
                            // 抛出 NameNotFoundException
                            throw new android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException(
                                "Package " + packageName + " not found"
                            );
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook PackageManager.getInstalledApplications
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "android.app.ApplicationPackageManager",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "getInstalledApplications",
                int.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                        java.util.List<android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo> apps = 
                            (java.util.List<android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo>) param.getResult();
                        
                        if (apps != null) {
                            java.util.Iterator<android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo> iterator = apps.iterator();
                            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                                android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo appInfo = iterator.next();
                                if (isXposedRelatedPackage(appInfo.packageName)) {
                                    iterator.remove();
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // Hook 失败
        }
    }
    
    // 隐藏堆栈跟踪
    public static void hideStackTrace(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook Throwable.getStackTrace
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                Throwable.class,
                "getStackTrace",
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = (StackTraceElement[]) param.getResult();
                        
                        if (stackTrace != null) {
                            java.util.List<StackTraceElement> filteredStack = new java.util.ArrayList<>();
                            
                            for (StackTraceElement element : stackTrace) {
                                if (!isXposedRelatedStackElement(element)) {
                                    filteredStack.add(element);
                                }
                            }
                            
                            param.setResult(filteredStack.toArray(new StackTraceElement[0]));
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // Hook 失败
        }
    }
    
    // 隐藏类加载器
    public static void hideClassLoader(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook Class.forName
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                Class.class,
                "forName",
                String.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String className = (String) param.args[0];
                        
                        if (isXposedRelatedClass(className)) {
                            throw new ClassNotFoundException("Class " + className + " not found");
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook ClassLoader.loadClass
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                ClassLoader.class,
                "loadClass",
                String.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void beforeHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String className = (String) param.args[0];
                        
                        if (isXposedRelatedClass(className)) {
                            throw new ClassNotFoundException("Class " + className + " not found");
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // Hook 失败
        }
    }
    
    // 隐藏系统属性
    public static void hideSystemProperties(LoadPackageParam lpparam) {
        try {
            // Hook System.getProperty
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                System.class,
                "getProperty",
                String.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String key = (String) param.args[0];
                        
                        if (isXposedRelatedProperty(key)) {
                            param.setResult(null);
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
            // Hook SystemProperties.get
            XposedHelpers.findAndHookMethod(
                "android.os.SystemProperties",
                lpparam.classLoader,
                "get",
                String.class,
                new XC_MethodHook() {
                    @Override
                    protected void afterHookedMethod(MethodHookParam param) throws Throwable {
                        String key = (String) param.args[0];
                        
                        if (isXposedRelatedProperty(key)) {
                            param.setResult("");
                        }
                    }
                }
            );
            
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // Hook 失败
        }
    }
    
    // 辅助方法：检查是否为 Xposed 相关路径
    private static boolean isXposedRelatedPath(String path) {
        String[] xposedPaths = {
            "XposedBridge",
            "xposed",
            "edxposed",
            "lsposed",
            "dreamland"
        };
        
        String lowerPath = path.toLowerCase();
        for (String xposedPath : xposedPaths) {
            if (lowerPath.contains(xposedPath.toLowerCase())) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 辅助方法：检查是否为 Xposed 相关包名
    private static boolean isXposedRelatedPackage(String packageName) {
        String[] xposedPackages = {
            "de.robv.android.xposed",
            "org.meowcat.edxposed",
            "top.canyie.dreamland",
            "com.solohsu.android.edxp"
        };
        
        for (String xposedPackage : xposedPackages) {
            if (packageName.startsWith(xposedPackage)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 辅助方法：检查是否为 Xposed 相关堆栈元素
    private static boolean isXposedRelatedStackElement(StackTraceElement element) {
        String className = element.getClassName();
        return className.contains("de.robv.android.xposed") ||
               className.contains("EdXposed") ||
               className.contains("LSPosed") ||
               className.contains("Dreamland");
    }
    
    // 辅助方法：检查是否为 Xposed 相关类
    private static boolean isXposedRelatedClass(String className) {
        return className.startsWith("de.robv.android.xposed") ||
               className.contains("EdXposed") ||
               className.contains("LSPosed") ||
               className.contains("Dreamland");
    }
    
    // 辅助方法：检查是否为 Xposed 相关属性
    private static boolean isXposedRelatedProperty(String property) {
        return property.contains("xposed") ||
               property.contains("edxp") ||
               property.contains("lsposed") ||
               property.contains("dreamland");
    }
}

总结

Xposed 安全与逆向分析的关键要点：

🎯 安全研究应用

加密算法分析：监控加密操作和密钥使用
网络通信分析：拦截和分析网络请求
应用行为分析：深入了解应用内部逻辑
漏洞发现：通过 Hook 发现安全漏洞

✅ 检测技术

文件系统检测
应用包检测
堆栈跟踪分析
类加载器检查
运行时行为分析

🚀 防护策略

多层检测机制
动态检测技术
代码混淆和加固
反调试和反 Hook

⚠️ 道德和法律

仅用于合法的安全研究
遵守相关法律法规
负责任的漏洞披露
保护用户隐私和数据

掌握 Xposed 安全技术，提升 Android 安全防护能力！

安全研究需要在合法合规的框架内进行，技术的使用应当服务于提升整体安全水平的目标。